The Centre for Women’s Research (CENWOR) Sri Lanka, with the financial support of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Geneva, took on this project to convey the issue of non-schooling children and child labour in the hope that it would initiate programmes that can contribute to the reduction or elimination of child labour and to the universalisation of primary and secondary education in areas such as the rural and plantation sectors. Three specific locations where this issue is most prevalent have been identified. The situations in these locations are extensively researched by selecting a sample of a 100 households from each location. Based on the questionnaires and field research, this study discusses the ground situation of each location in great detail. The study compares the difference between the rural areas and urban areas and looks into the trends that are common. This booklet also includes tables with information neatly presented to easily convey information. With the aid of statistics and case studies, the booklet very effectively draws up a picture of the context, family life, education opportunities and aspirations of these children. Based on all the information conveyed, the booklet suggests various strategies and approaches that can be adopted to combat these problems.