This report is commissioned by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to identify and recommend the best practices to be followed by ADB’s developing member countries to encourage both private sector investment and competition in infrastructure development. This specific report focuses on the road sector. Transport is central to achieving prosperity and the quality of life, to which all countries aspire. Transport policy has pervasive impacts on economic performance, on the shape and structure of human settlements through its impact upon physical development and economic structures, on the distribution of income and on the environment. This report develops best practices for promoting private sector investment in the road sector.