The Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute has made an attempt to assess the effects of rural road development on agrarian communities, particularly on agricultural income of farm families and farming systems in 2012. This effort completed during a limited time period was specifically aimed at testing the available methodologies to assess the effects of village road development on the agriculture sector and therefore restricted to a regional assessment on pilot basis. The study found that people had benefitted from rural road development in two ways: mental satisfaction and physical relief in day-to-day activities. Roads had bridged the distance between people and socio-political institutions both temporally and spatially and lessened the effects of exclusion of people living in less favored areas ensuring their mental satisfaction. Physically, roads had linked farming areas with input and output markets and enabled swift access to market/service points; a variety of transport modes emerged and ensured convenient travelling and travel time fell noticeable. Mobility of extension personnel has significantly improved.