This publication aims to contribute to an in-depth understanding of the complexities of power in Sri Lanka. It investigates power relations historically as well as in contemporary Sri Lanka. It looks at various spheres of power in Sri Lankan politics, the ways in which power in Sri Lankan society is gendered, and the intersection of politics and the market economy. It also discusses how these power dynamics have developed in the shadow of Sri Lanka’s long war and comments on what implications the end of this war may have.