This paper assesses poverty in the conflict-affected Northern and Eastern Provinces of Sri Lanka, using hitherto unavailable data due to the protracted civil war. The past four years of ceasefire has generated data that enabled the materialisation of this paper. The primary arguments of this are: (a) evidence indicating that the conflict-affected north and east are the most deprived provinces in Sri Lanka in terms of income/consumption and human poverty, infrastructural inequality and vulnerability, and (b) that restoration of good governance is imperative for combating poverty in the conflict-affected region of Sri Lanka.