The objective of this series of studies is to assess the manner in which children’s rights are observed in Sri Lankan society. It focuses on a study carried out in the Badulla district of the Uva Province of Sri Lanka. This study explores the community of indigenous Veddhas whose income is based mainly on agriculture named Chena cultivation and hunting. The study also attempts to identify some of the other strategies, which families adopt in their pursuit of socio-economic advancement or sometimes for mere survival. It also discusses the relevance and expression of child rights in a community characterised by these strategies.