This nutrition and food security survey was carried out by the Department of Nutrition of the Medical Research Institute in collaboration with UNICEF and the World Food Programme. The survey focused on maternal and child under-nutrition, which remains a major public health problem in Sri Lanka, despite improvements in many health indicators. This kind of research study is more than timely to assess years of efforts taken by the government and other organizations to prevent and control under-nutrition in vulnerable age groups and populations. This particular volume focuses on the Moneragala District, which is one of the two districts in the Uva Province of Sri Lanka.