The toolkit is a supplement to the UNFPA programming guidelines. It provides guidance and options for UNFPA Country Office staff to improve monitoring and evaluation activities in the context of results-based programme management. It is also useful for other programme managers at headquarters and national levels. Many of the approaches described in this toolkit can be used as well for programme1 strategy development. This tool provides an overview of the most frequent reasons for undertaking programme evaluations. The content is based on a review of evaluation literature from academia and international development agencies such as UNFPA, UNDP and UNICEF.