This publication contains the reports and working papers of a research team that worked with the German Development Institute in the 1999/2000 period to study and analyse the socio-political impact of German development cooperation and project level in Tanzania. The study includes the role of development cooperation in easing or resolving conflicts, and, conversely, its role in increasing or even generating the same. The study focuses on countries already in conflict and on national or international issues rather than the local. The aim of the study is to assess the intended or unintended, positive and negative aspects of development cooperation projects have on socio-economic tensions. Tanzania has been chosen as, despite tensions at a local level, had achieved considerable internal political stability and developed peacefully since independence.